Essay on A Universal Renaissance Man - 1291 Words

A Universal Renaissance Man James Mercer Langston Hughes was born February 1, 1902 in Joplin, Missouri, to school teacher Carrie (Caroline) Mercer Langston and James Nathaniel Hughes. Hughes’ father left his family, and later divorced Carrie moving to Cuba, and then Mexico trying to escape the racism in the United States. Since his mom traveled looking for work, young Langston was being raised by his maternal grandmother, Mary Patterson Langston in Lawrence, Kansas. She told him stories of abolitionist and courageous slaves who struggled for their freedom, it was these stories that gave him a great sense of racial pride. After the death of his grandmother in 1912 Langston lived with family friends for awhile, but, eventually he ended up†¦show more content†¦It is on the trip to Mexico that thinking of his dad’s disdain for his people that Langston wrote â€Å"The Negro Speaks of Rivers† it was published in Crisis, the magazine of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Langston is noted as saying, â€Å"I didn’t understand it, because I was a Negro, and I liked Negroes very much.† As he crossed the Mississippi River Langston looked out the window and thought of what rivers meant to the black slaves. In the beginning his father had hoped he would attend a university abroad and study engineering, but Langston wanted to be a writer. The two came to a compromise: Langston would study engineering as long as he could attend Columbia. Although he managed to maintain a B+ GPA he left in 1922 because of racial prejudice. It was at this time that he became more involved with Harlem than his studies, though he continued writing poetry. Although Langston’s poetry career had begun in 1921 after â€Å"The Negro Speaks of Rivers† Langston worked various jobs before becoming a crewman aboard the S.S. Malone in 1923 and traveling to West Africa and Europe. He spent six months as a busboy in Paris and continued writing poetry influenced by Carl Sandburg, Walt Whitman, and Laurence Dunbar. In 1924 he decided to return back to the U.S. to live with his mom in Washington, D.C. Langston again worked various jobs until he landedShow MoreRelatedLeonardo Da Vinci, the Epitome of the Italian Renaissance Essay792 Words   |  4 Pagescenter of innovation and creativity in the Italian Renaissance. This renowned city was famous for supplying some of the best artists in the world and for creating the some of the world’s most treasured art. Leonardo da Vinci, possibly one of the greatest painters in the world, was born in Florence and lived his adulthood in Florence, the essence and heart of the Italian Renaissance. Leonardo da Vinci virtually changed the world and the Italian Renaissance by greatly influencing it with his fresh andRead MoreThe Early Renaissance Er A Period Of Inventions, Revolutions And Daring Outside The Box Thinking986 Words   |  4 PagesThe early renais sance was a period of inventions, revolutions and daring ‘outside-the-box’ thinking. This period saw an evolution in the world of men, there was a change in how one perceived himself, which influenced ones ideology, resulting in one expanding his mind beyond the capabilities of what an average man during that particular period. This led to a period of fine, intricate and astoundingly produced works, which are now renowned in history. Therefore, the early renaissance era, is in myRead MoreMiddle Ages vs. the Renaissance Essay736 Words   |  3 PagesThere are many contrasts in the beliefs and values of the Renaissance and the Middle Ages. The Middle Ages was a time of great suffering, including famine and widespread disease. The Renaissance, however, was a revival of art, learning, and literature. Their views of the purpose of life in the present world and mans place in the world was, perhaps, the greatest contrast. However, their views on politics, religion, and educa tion were very different as well. The purpose of life and mans place inRead MoreThe Birth Of The Renaissance Era1093 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the birth of the Renaissance era there were many prominent people to have come out of Florence. 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The Renaissance became the symbol of awakening, the symbol of excellence and rebirth. It gave birth to the doctrines and principles that dominate the philosophy up until nowadays. Humanism developed as one of the principal philosophical concepts of Renaissance. What does this concept mean, why is it so crucialRead MoreCourtier1527 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion 2 In the times of the Renaissance there were distinct social levels throughout the hierarchy of the Roman culture. Through this hierarchy there were dukes, serfs, peasants, aristocrats, and one specific group called â€Å"courtiers†. The book written by, Baldesar Castiglione, The Courtier helps define exactly what this social class consisted of. 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The two eras expressed differences in style and theme, but they also have many characteristics in common. To better understand the similarities of the eras it will be described by the characteristics, styles and the influences of each; Renaissance and Baroque works of art. Famous artist from the Renaissance era were Leonard da Vinci and Michelangelo

The Root Causes Of Sudan s Civil Wars Peace Or Truce By...

The Root Causes of Sudan’s Civil Wars: Peace or Truce by Douglas H. Johnson is a phenomenal investigative account of North and South Sudan. The book should be praised for providing an insightful introduction into Sudanese domestic and foreign affairs. Although particular sections in the book are tough to understand with no background knowledge, Johnson makes his argument available to a broad set of readers. Johnson offers a precise and detailed argument that explains how the country resulted in war by the past and present history of the country. The book argues that Sudan has maintained a corrupt relationship with its borders. Johnson explains his analysis by the examples of the First Civil War, in addition to his main focus on the†¦show more content†¦Johnson explains that the civil war was a battle on the access to resources. Essentially, the book illustrates that armed forces would raid the oppositions resources to deny them of having assets. Firstly, thi s demonstrates that there were more causes to the ongoing civil wars then just the separation of the Arabic North and Christian South. Secondly, the book exhibits the idea that because of the US and the IMF provided financial aid and then aid towards the wars, would cause a tremendous problem between both sides for Johnson uses many sources to help disprove the theory of the Northern Arabs against the Christian South. Is the argument convincing? Why or Why not? The book’s argument is convincing because it demonstrate the gradual process of the Sudanese Civil Wars through border issues for two reasons. Johnson allows the audience to gather information by introducing the country, the colonialised background, and how the countries modern issues is an effect of past casualties. The book is a successful read by allowing the general progression of his argument to flow throughout the book. In addition, this approach makes the book easy for the readers to grasp the full concepts . Moreover, the argument is also influential because he describes a reasoning that many scholars have not viewed. Most authors have assumed that the conflicts of Sudan are because of religious divides between Northern Arabs and SouthernShow MoreRelatedRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pageswidely recognized authority on the movement, contends that there is â€Å"ambivalent routinization.†6 However, 4 INTRODUCTION he neither indicates what necessitates the use of the term ambivalent nor explains what it signiï ¬ es. Jack Anthony Johnson-Hill, by viewing the essence of Rastafari as an experience of liminality—that is, a threshold experience of leaving â€Å"Babylon† but not yet arriving in the â€Å"promised land†Ã¢â‚¬â€has eliminated the possibility of routinization.7 Neville G. Callam argues

The Importance Of Essential For Healthy Family Functioning...

According to Professor Rick Peterson, there are five essential roles essential to healthy family functioning, they include providing resources, support and nurturing, development of life skills (especially for young children), maintenance and management of the family system, and sexual gratification between spouses. (Peterson and Green) In this section we’re going to look at how these are incorporated into the family’s instrumental functioning and their expressive functioning. Instrumental Functioning As stated earlier in the paper, this family is very set in old traditions. EM stays home with the kids all day while RM goes to work. While at home EM cooks for the kids, cleans the house, takes care of the dog, and makes sure the household runs smoothly. They have decided to homeschool their children when they get a little older, so she is also preparing information and supplies for that. Since the kids don’t go to daycare, EM has to make sure that they have some interaction throughout the day, so she brings them on walks to the park. Their daily routine is waking up and having EM cook everyone breakfast. She packs a lunch for RM and he grabs it before heading out the door. Once the kids are done eating, EM starts cleaning the house and EJM and HM are sent outside to play. Then comes lunch time, which according to EM is â€Å"the craziest part of the day!† The kids are tired and crabby and there is still so much to do. After the kids are done eating they lay down forShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement : Family Systems Theory873 Words   |  4 Pagesconsider family systems, I am reminded of a metaphor I heard while in undergraduate school about a mobile. A mobile is used to soothe an infant, normally placed above a crib or basinet. Each of its parts are in balance, when working correctly, however if one section becomes off balance the objects becom e out of sync. This is true with families. If each member of the family unit is doing their part, there is complete balance or homeostasis (Henson). This balance is viewed as a healthy family systemRead MoreCommunity Engagement Strategy : Relationship Between A School, Parents, And Community935 Words   |  4 Pages Community Engagement Strategy Strong relationship between a school, parents and community is essential to develop a positive impact in student learning. In 2008 the Family-School Partnerships Framework – A guide for schools and families (2008) was developed to maintain an effective partnership between all members of the school community, including teachers, families and students’. The Framework was set by the national parent bodies in Australia – the Australian Council of StateRead MoreEarly Childhood Development : Child Welfare1640 Words   |  7 Pagesbased on how caregivers stimulate their physical, mental, emotional and social development. This paper aims to provide an understanding of early childhood development based on the key aspects that are necessary for healthy early childhood development including bonding, attachment, and healthy brain development as well as individual, familial, and systemic aspects in the development of lifelong health. Additionally, this paper includes an understanding of child maltreatment, neglect, and other factorsRead MoreAging Is Becoming A Most Common And Well Known Form Of Dementia1291 Words   |  6 Pagesbecoming demented. Dementia is a family of diseases characterized by cognitive and behavioral deficits involving some form of permanent damage to the brain. (CITE!!!bookpg288) When discussing dementia many people think of Alzheimer’s disease, as it is the most common and well-known form of dementia. People with Alzheimer’s disease experience cognitive complications, most obviously with their memory and communication. This is extremely grueling for the patient and the family members associated. It is notRead MoreObservational Ratings Of Therapist Interventions1268 Words   |  6 Pages Outcome measures According to Samoulis Liddle (2006), observational ratings of therapist interventions have been used to predict outcomes at 6 and 12 months’ post-treatment for families receiving MDFT. The following outcome measures were as follows; Timeline Follow-Back Interview, which measures the quantity and frequency of daily consumption of drugs; using a calendar and the individual s own memory in order to help them gather retrospective estimates; Child Behavior Checklist (CBC) and YouthRead MoreAn Level Of Cognitive Functioning1276 Words   |  6 PagesThis level of cognitive functioning is closely related to that of a school-age child (middle childhood). Specifically, children at this developmental age are able to reflect using preoperational thinking and are more aware of concepts related to irreversibility and universality (Hooyman, Kramer, 2008). According to Mark Olson (personal communication, February 14, 2017), using concrete terms with children when conceptualizing the realit y of death may be a more efficacious method than using euphemismRead MoreFamily Is The Most Basic Unit Of Structure1457 Words   |  6 PagesFamily, being the most basic unit of structure, plays an important role in societies worldwide. It is in the household where future generations are nurtured and educated. Relatives do not only provide company, but are also a helping hand in times of need. The family is a community, no matter how big or small it may be. The idea of what constitutes a family varies across nations and cultures. Some people differentiate between the nuclear family and the extended family, while others view both componentsRead MoreThe Idea Of School Breakfast Programs937 Words   |  4 Pages1966 in the United States as a way to provide nutritious foods to children from low-income families (Food Nutrition Service, 2013). It wasn’t until 1992, that breakfast clubs in Canada and other school breakfast programs adopted this idea and was established to help no urish our young Canadian minds – school breakfast programs subsidized meal and snack programs designed to help children gain access to a healthy breakfast or snack (Breakfast Clubs of Canada, 2012). As noted in the study Nourishing YoungRead MoreWhat Are Global Food Security? How Best Feed The World?1246 Words   |  5 Pages2014). Scientists who have confronted those questions thought of five steps that could solve the world’s food dilemma and to sustain Global Food Security (Foley, 2014). Having adequate and nutritious food, drinkable water and fresh air is the three essentials that a human body requires to function. Both wild and cultivated forms of food overtime have evolved from local resource held in a common into a private, transnational commodity . The process of commodification has involved the development of certainRead MorePsychotherapy Strategies Drawn from Psychodynamic and Interpersonal Approaches1286 Words   |  6 PagesPsychodynamic-Interpersonal Counseling Psychotherapy (Brooks-Harris Oliveira-Berry, 2004). The video features Dr. Jeff Brooks-Harris and Dr. Jill Oliveira-Berry demonstrating sixteen skills drawn from psychodynamic and interpersonal approaches to psychotherapy. Essential Elements of Psychodynamic and Interpersonal Approaches to Psychotherapy Psychoanalysis is a unique form of psychological treatment founded by Sigmund Freud and later modified by his followers including Alfred Adler, Carl Jung, and Harry Stack-Sullivan

The Audi R8 Commercial - 972 Words

1. The advertisement that I’ve chosen is the Audi R8 commercial, name â€Å"Commander.† The commercial starts off with many views of a nice house with many pieces of space memorabilia, including photographs of a certain man in space suits. It is to be believed that the man in the spacesuit is the person living here. During this section there is a voice over saying: â€Å"This has to be the proudest day of our lives.† It cuts to a morose old man refusing to eat any more of his near full dinner plate. One can tell that the old man is reliving his astronaut days and is wishing for a return. A very nice sounding car pulls in and you can see headlights, but they have decided to not show the car yet, letting the watcher only hear it drive up. A young man†¦show more content†¦2. The main product was not the car, as most people would suggest. The main product Is actually the idea that the Audi R8 is a top-of-the-line car and if you are capable of buying one, then you’ve made it to the top and you are extremely successful. Not at one part in the commercial did they talk about the specifics of the car, or how it is better than other cars in its class. They just show the car driving and its engine noise. Audi is not trying to sell you the car itself, it is trying to sell the idea that this car is the best and only for the successful. It sells the idea to rich people that yes, this is the car for us and driving ones shows others how successful I am. It also sells the idea to people who are not capable of buying the car yet, that if they work hard and someday become super successful, they’ll finally be able to get one and show off how proud they are. Audi created a lot of value for their car. Instilling the idea that this car is for only the best. 3. I think this car will be considered ‘fabulous’. I can make this assumption from both how they market their cars, and how well the car is already doing. The Audi R8 is an extremely popular car, both because of its great specs and engineering, and because of its good price point. The Audi R8 is both a good product and the marketing behind it is good, therefore this product will be ‘fabulous’. 4. There are a large number of things I enjoyed about this commercial. The pacing of it Is good,Show MoreRelatedAudi Superbowl Commercial Analysis1317 Words   |  6 PagesGodfather The Godfather Audi R8 Super Bowl commercial aired for the first time during the Super Bowl XLII in 2008. The advertisement depicts Audi’s flagship supercar in a scene that clearly recalls the famous â€Å"horse head† scene from the popular movie The Godfather. The Audi commercial from Super Bowl XLII is an effective way of drawing attention to Audi products and the R8 supercar in particular. Because the R8 is the only product pictured in the ad, it is clear Audi is trying to draw attentionRead MoreAn Analysis Of Audi Germany : The Comeback739 Words   |  3 Pages Audi Germany, â€Å"The Comeback† Luis Sà ¡nchez Full Sail University The ad Audi Germany: The Comeback starts with a depressing storytelling scenario and nostalgic music that makes you feel bad for how the dinosaur is feeling. The ad is a dark themed commercial and it has a dinosaur who uses pity and loses lust for life but is trying to fit in with society since he feels as if he lost his power and no one is scared of him anymore. The dinosaur became a laughing stock becauseRead MorePositioning of Audi1834 Words   |  8 PagesAudi for more than eighty years now is trying to achieve to construct the perfect automobile for ultimate driving pleasure. In order to achieving this, the German automaker choose the way of trying to combine all possible competitive features of its competitors in to one car. This becomes visual by having a closer look at the advertisements and the positioning strategies that the four-ringed manufacturer is using. According to a commercial which has been added on You Tube August 2006 Audi combinesRead MoreBusiness Plan of Audi 8577 Words   |  35 PagesIntroduction This strategic business plan focuses on the Audi Group and which strategies it should pursue to realize its growth objectives in the automotive industry. First of all, the company ´s business, mission and vision are introduced. A market overview is given and Audi ´s current market position is analysed. Furthermore, a SWOT analysis is made which serves to make assumptions about Audi ´s future performance and objectives are formulated. Last, resource requirements and budgets are laid outRead MoreStrategic Marketing Plan for the Audi A15186 Words   |  21 PagesTask Two: Marketing Plan The Marketing Plan is based on the model by The Chartered Institute of Marketing. 1. Introduction amp; Mission Statement Audi is a premium and performance car manufacturer. Our Strategy 2020 provides even clearer focus on our target to become the number one premium brand. With the change in demand from society in the types of cars people wish to drive, we have to adjust the path we are taking to achieve our vision. We can only achieve this if we focus our full andRead MoreLuxrious Cars Market Analysis in Bangladesh10008 Words   |  41 Pagescomfortable and convenient. Rancon Motors Ltd, the general distributor of DaimlerChrysler, Germany for Mercedes-Benz brand vehicles in Bangladesh. Rancon Motors Limited has been established for assembling and marketing commercial and public vehicles. It formerly operated as the commercial vehicle Division of Rangs Limited and was responsible for marketing Eicher International (India) small buses and trucks. 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EstablishingAudiHungariaasasubsidiaryofAudiAG 2. DevelopingAudiHungariaasacenterofexcellencewithintheVolkswagenGroup 3. Challengesinmanagingcentersofexcellence Speaking with Matthias Wissmann, President of the VDA â€Å"ProductionsitesinforeigncountriesandgrowthathomeRead MoreAssignment On Car Sales Platform7454 Words   |  30 PagesS. government agencies. In the summer of 1979, Relational Software, Inc. introduced the first commercial version which included the implementation of SQL, Oracle V2 (version 2) for VAX computers. Oracle V2 beat to the launch IBM s System/38 which was available on the market only a few weeks later. 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The Miranda Rule Pros And Cons - 1896 Words

The Miranda Rule: The Pros and Cons When I was a young boy growing up in the sixties and seventies, I remember watching police dramas like Adam Twelve and Dragnet. I remember watching the police officers portrayed in these shows â€Å"reading the suspects their rights†, before interrogating them. Back then I didn’t understand how important those words were to American law enforcement. The Miranda rule changed the way law enforcement treated suspects in custody by forcing them to inform them of their rights to remain silent, and to have an attorney present during questioning. Prior to the Miranda ruling, suspects always had these rights however, now law enforcement officers have to inform a suspect of these rights before questioning them.†¦show more content†¦In 1965 the Supreme Court agreed to hear Miranda’s case and on June 13, 1966 overturned Miranda’s conviction. In his opinion paper regarding the case, Chief Justice Earl Warren wrote: â€Å"The person in custody must, prior to interrogation, be clearly informed that he has the right to remain silent, and that anything he says will be used against him in court; he must be clearly informed that he has the right to consult with a lawyer and to have the lawyer with him during interrogation, and that, if he is indigent, a lawyer will be appointed to represent him† (Drizin, 1984). This ruling required law enforcement to use the â€Å"Miranda warning† before interrogating anyone suspected of a crime. Failure to do so could cause any information retrieved during an interrogation not to be admissible in court. Although there is no mandated format that has to be used, most law enforcement agencies use the following when administering the Miranda rights: â€Å"You have the right to remain silent and refuse to answer questions. Anything you say may be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to consult an attorney before speaking to the police and to have an attorney present during questioning now or in the future. If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed for you before any questioning if you wish. If you decide to answer questions now without an attorney present, you willShow MoreRelatedThe Athletic Association Of The United States Essay1612 Words   |  7 Pages(Smith, 2000; Miranda, 2012). The attending members of this conference voted to form the NCAA (at the time voted the IAAUS standing for the Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States), faculty-led conferences were developed as well to govern academic input. Initially, the role of the NCAA was to develop rules and regulations for various intercollegiate sports (Smith, 2000; Miranda, 2012). 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Corporate finance free essay sample

Background of Company MCI communication corporation was a telecommunication company found in 1963. In the beginning the business plan of MCI was to build up a group of microwave relay stations that allow limited-range two-way radios signal to transfer. Which means providing long distance telecommunications. In 1971, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) allowed those long distance companies compete and try to break out ATT’s monopoly telephone service in the U. S. MCI wanted to grow further, however the ATT did not want to provide interconnection services which MCI needed. As a result, MCI sued ATT in 1974 and later won the law suit and FCC force ATT to provide service to MCI , thus MCI continue its construction on its own network build. Before 1974, MCI was not profit too much but is all change based on their successful business strategy, knew as â€Å"Execunet† service they offer affordable service to those customers who could not afford ATT’s service. We will write a custom essay sample on Corporate finance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page MCI successfully attracted small business user and residential to use their services. Due to that success strategy MCI turning to very profitable. Because of that, MCI saw a really high potential growth opportunity that could bring the company to a different level. However, they find out the need more funds and capital to support the growth. ATT is MCI’s major competitor. And ATT break up its business , ATT now compete with MCI in the local telephone business, the means MCI must rise their rate in the local business, but at same time ATT left a big cake on its market share that MCI could toke from them. SWOT analysis Before ATT break up, MCI has strengths on its Execunet service, and fairly lower charge in their local network services. Their weakness is short of capital and market shares which control by ATT. Their opportunities was growth execunet services. They also face threats such as competition from ATT. Before ATT break out: Some of the SWOT analysis have changed after ATT break up. Now their strengths beside execunet service is their high stock value and large amount of cash on hand. Their weaknesses are still lack of investment capital and market share. But they do have opportunities on take over ATT’s market share, also their interest coverage ratio is high. The threats they are facing is great competition from ATT and other firms. After ATT break out: Financial strategy and Analysis At beginning MCI was a very risk company, and like all other high risk company, MCI had high interest rate to cover its high risk. They offer a put warrants on their stock shares to get loans from investors. They also use a tax loss to deduct their tax amount when the success Execunt strategy to kick in. This strategy generated a great amount of revenue. Another way to rise fund for MCI is by selling its convertible preferred stock. Preferred stock is a very safe investment tool, it offer investors dividend and at same time allow them to convert to common stock in a certain conversion rate. By issue these convertible preferred stock, MCI can not only rise capital, but also keep the high value on its common stock. The dividend paid to investor can also become a tax shield due to MCI still carry forward tax losses. Another great use of convertible prefer stock is that MCI can call a provision and investors need to convert their shares to common stock, this action can keep the cash flows tie. MCI can issue preferred stock and convert to common stock later. MCI took lot of debt to get more capital they need, but the good thing is they are very profitable, and their stock is in very high value, and continued to grow. This would easily to cover their interest from the debt. This is a very risk move, by taking debt to leverage the company and then issue convertible prefer stock and convert it to common stock and take debt again. Because if the company is not growing, they will not be able to cover its interest payment. The manager value more fund over the risk of high interest payment. It turns out they are correct in this action. However, in the future, they have to rethink of their position to continue be competitive and growing. The company have a current 55-60% debt in their capital structure, I think although this level can keep their growth, but for the long term they need to find a better way to rise fund and hopefully reduce their debt to 40% in the future. With lower debt ratio, company could be a better position when they are not growth as fast as they were before. MCI were facing great competition from ATT and other new entry companies. Four options for MCI in 1983 to rising capital According to Exhibit 6 on the case, in the 1983, the stock price is $43 on March. In the option A: $400 Million common stock. Although this option could raise $400 million cash to the company, but more shares issue may cause the current stock price fall, that would damage the current share holder, and the same time the market value of equity will rise lead to the cost of equity increase, thus this is not a very good option if there is another choose. The next option B: $500 million of 12. 5% 20 year subordinated debentures, this option gives $100 million surplus over the option A, however, MCI ‘s debt ratio is already very high, and if the company stop growing very fast it could lead some serious cash flow issue to the company, as the result, this is not a good option too. The option C: $600 million convertible at 7. 625% over 20 years with conversion at 54 per share. This option give $600 million cash which is $100 million higher than option B, at same time the interest rate is much lower than 12.5% in option B, and this is an advantage. Also, the company can convert is once the price reach $54 from the $43(April 1983). If is a very good option, MCI can take this deal and convert it from debt to equity once the price hit $54, by doing this, MCI can reduce their debt and satisfy their need of capital to growth. The final option D: $1 billion of a unit package consisting of a $1000 of 7. 5 %, 10 year subordinated debenture and 18. 18 warrants, each entitling the holder to purchase one share of MCI common stock for $55. This option gives MCI the greatest amount of cash over all other option, and also with the lowest interest. Beside that, the warrant in this option gives company a way to covert early by the warrant( if stock price reach $55). That provides the company more liquidity. So all in all, the option D is the best option that manager should take for MCI. Recommend Finance step to MCI MCI has been very profitable, how every they are facing more competition and opportunities especially after the ATT break out. They need a lot of fund to continue growth and take more market shares, so they should do exactly they been doing in the past, which is taking debt and covert it to equity( common stock) and take new debt. However, because they are very profitable , they should decrease their debt level and maintain in a certain level if the stock price keep going in the right direction. By doing this, they can get enough capital and catch the potential growth opportunities.

Human resource Management Issues during Relocation Free Sample

Question: Identify and discuss the Human Resource Management Issues that a HR Manager in Melbourne would have to consider when relocating a Manager from Australia to Manage a subsidiary branch of an Australian Multinational Organisation that is Located in London in the United Kingdom. Answer: Introduction The issue of employee relocation is a major concern for international human resources management. There is in fact a major challenge when this relocating has to do with moving the employee from one environment to a different one. Some of the issues that employers are faced with when relocating employees include the moving expenses, relocation agreements, support for their families, communication, legal and economic issues. It thus becomes important that the human resources department ensure relocation is one that will attract the affected employee and ensure they are retained at all costs(Baker Anderson, 2010). The human resources department needs to make sure that they provide the most competitive relocation package for these employees through fair policies and practices. It is also important to appreciate that employee relocation can help in retaining current employees in need of promotion while luring in new hires, this provides employee with new career opportunities while advancing development in the overall goal of the organisation. The following essay analyses some of the human resource management issues that a manager in Melbourne needs to consider as he or she relocates a manager from Australia to manage a branch located in London, United Kingdom(Baskerville, 2003). In doing so the paper will also analyze some of the employment relations and human resource issues on the employee working in the foreign country. Human resource Management issues during relocation In most case businesses that operate within Australian border have the advantage of dealing with a relatively limited cultural, economic and legal requirements for relocation since Australia is a capitalist competitive country. For a company that operates in multinational perspective then they are bound to face some human resources issues due to lack of homogeneity. One of the main examples is the minimum mandated holidays that the employee will not enjoy will living in the united kingdom. There are also other general issues like the need for security and terrorism awareness training for employees in international assignments where crime and other issues like kidnapping might be common for foreign employees(Prewitt, Weil, McClure, 2011). The HR manager in Melbourne Australia function in the multinational company will be complicated highly by the need to adapt the HR policy and procedure to the united kingdoms subsidiary company. some of the other issues that will have to be consider ed by the HR manager during relocation will be as follows: Exception request For any company, it is usually a huge challenge for the HR department to have a relocation program that will cover each and every single need for the person being relocated. This is because each employee is different. The manager should be efficient enough to track relocation needs from designated transferees. Each relocation needs to be treated differently. This can be done by reviewing all the relocation issues collectively in the event that the season dies down to determine whether or not the policies should be altered. One of the example is when one has an large amount of transfer requests for extended living in the native country(Prewitt, Weil, McClure, 2011). The changes in relocation policies may also not mean that they will lead to an increase in the budget. Economic Issue It is a common trend for people to keep on talking and sharing vital information in the office, this will also come in to play whenever the Human Resources (HR) manager is planning to relocate an employee. Employees are always talking with one another meaning that the manager may be faced with a multitude of request for relocations at the same time with regard to the benefits of moving from Australia to the united kingdom. However, if employees discover that the relocations policies are similar in one way or the other, it may discourage acceptance(Kenton Yarnall, 2009). Also during relocation, the company will also have to consider economic burden that comes with relocation. The difference in the United Kingdom and Australian economies will also mean that there are differences in HR practices. For example, in a free enterprise system, the efficiency requirements usually favors HR policies which looks in to efficiency of workers, productivity and staff regulation in relation to marke t forces(Prewitt, Weil, McClure, 2011). As the organisation moves along the scale, the HR practices will continue to shift towards the prevention of unemployment even at the expense of ensuring efficiency during relocation. The cost of relocation In most cases, it is important for the HR manager to offer the employee reimbursement for expenses incurred during relocation. Such expenses may include house hunting, transportation costs and temporary living expenses. For some organisations, they may decide to forego reimbursement and consider paying the employee upfront to enable them cover their expenses. As a way of motivating the employee, allow them to keep whatever remains from the lump sum compensation for their acceptance to relocated(Stone, Russell, Patterson, 2003). This means that the HR department will not follow up on the expenses or keep a detailed record on how the employee spent the lump sum compensation. The differences in the cost of labor for the two countries will also be a major issue during relocation. This is because a high cost of labor as experienced in the United Kingdom will mean a major focus be put on efficiency and other HR practices like pay-for-performance; this will ensure an improvement of employee performance. The differences in the cost of labor for many countries is very important issue during relocation. For example, the hourly compensation for production workers in the manufacturing industry is $25.56 in Europe and $2.65 in Mexico. This may encourage or discourage the employee from accepting relocation. Other factors to consider in the cost of labor include the number of working hours in the united kingdom and that of Australia, holidays, performance appraisals and individual development(Kenton Yarnall, 2009). The payback clause Just like any other operations in the organisation, the company will spent a lot of money during relocation of the employee. In some cases this relocation may never meet the company objective in the case that the employee leaves the company shortly after they have been relocated. It thus becomes important for the company to have the payback clause when writing relocation agreements, this should also include the costs of relocation and other forms of compensation that the employee is given(Deng, Menguc, Benson, 2015). In the payback clauses the relocated employees should agree to pay back all or part of the expenses for the relocation in the even that he leaves the company within a suggested period which is usually a year and half. Such clauses are common for industries with the highest turnover. Employee relations issues while working in the united Kingdom There are some cultural differences that will play between working in Australia and working in the united kingdom for the relocated manager. This is because the employee will encounter differences in HR practices among employees in the foreign subsidiary. The cultural norms of the people in the united kingdom and the relevance of these norms will affect the Australian employees typical view of his relationship with employees in the united kingdom, this will also affect the way he will execute his assignment(Prewitt, Weil, McClure, 2011). For example, employees in the united kingdom usually expect lifetime employment with regard to performance for example. In addition, appraisals is mostly focused in the individual and not the working group, meaning that the manager will have to consider such developments. According to Geert Hofstede, there are a lot of international cultural differences during relocation. In this line, employees firstly differ in power distance which is the extent to which the less powerful member in the organisation will expect and accept that power will be unequally distributed. Individualism vs. collectivism where the relationship between individuals in an organisation is usually less close and more loose. In the United Kingdom for example, each employee is expected to look after themselves and their immediate relations(Baskerville, 2003). This is something that will affect the way the employee will blend in with his new colleagues. Masculinity vs. feminity will also look at the extent to which the society values assertiveness and caring. These intercultural differences in Australia and the united Kingdom will also have implications for the manager during relocation. It is important that as the manager is being relocated, he should be given an orientation of HR pra ctices in the united kingdom including selection testing and the payment plans to fit the local norms. The best case scenario would be to draw a manager from the UK citizens(Baskerville, 2003). Also when selecting and employee for relocation, it is important to maintain a high degree of empathy with reference to attitude and cultural demands of the host country. This is because a HR staff that is able to share the cultural background of an employee is more likely to become sensitive to the expectations and needs of the new workplace and manage the company successful. Lastly, while looking at the industrial relation as an issue, the main focus is put in the union, the employee and the employer from Australia and in the united kingdom(Kenton Yarnall, 2009). There are other factors also like the employee act and how it has been applied in the united kingdom and in Australia. Managers should use mathematics like the cost and benefit analysis to look at the overall costs of relocation and the cost of locally sourcing for an employee. An overall relocation program will also not function if it does not include such costs like the transfer costs, replacement, training, family movement costs and hardship costs for the employee. Other legal issues like immigration, work permit and labor costs should also be looked in to(Adler Elmhorst, 2010). The differences in the working periods, compensation in terms of money and time allocation for employees should also be looked in to. It is also important that an employee is given site visits and orientation to the new host country before relocation, this will allow him or her time to understand the professional and cultural differences that they will encounter after relocation. Conclusions In conclusion, any manager willing to relocated from one country to another will want to be offered a very attractive package during relocation. This is especially very important if the person is going to undertake an high level or executive position as there is usually a high cost associated with such a package. It is however important for the human resources manager to find out whether there will be any financial gain in relocating or locally hiring an employee in the host country. There is usually a lot of pressure for the human resources manager to cut down on costs and put in place policies whereby employees will still be relocated to places they are required to move. References Adler, R., Elmhorst, J. (2010). Communication at work: principles and practices for business and the professions (10th ed.). New York, NY.: McGraw Hill. Baker, H. K., Anderson, R. (2010). Corporate Governance: A Synthesis of Theory, Research, and Practice (Robert W. Kolb Series) (1st ed.). NY: Wiley. Baskerville, R. (2003). Hofstede never studied culture. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 28(1), 3-7. Beardwell, J., Claydon, T. (2010). Human Resource Management: A contemporary approach (6 ed., Vol. 42). Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Deng, J., Menguc, B., Benson, J. (2015). The impact of human resource management on export performance of Hospitality enterprises. Thunderbird International Business Review, 14(6), 409429. Kenton, B., Yarnall, J. (2009). HR: The Business Partner . Routledge; 2 edition. Prewitt, J., Weil, R., McClure, A. (2011). Developing Leadership in Global and Multi-cultural Organizations. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(13), 1-20. Stone, G., Russell, R., Patterson, K. (2003). Transformational versus servant leadership: a difference in leader focus. Leadership Organizational?Development Journal, 25(4), 349-361 .